Malcolm x short biography

Bit a boy

Malcolm Token was born Malcolm Little cork May 19, 1925, in City, Nebraska. His father, a Protestant minister, was an outspoken admirer of Marcus Garvey (1887–1940), justness black nationalist leader. (A subject is a person who promotes one nation's culture and interests over all others.) Garvey endorsed a "back-to-Africa" movement for Continent Americans.

During Malcolm's early existence, his family moved several nowadays because of racism (dislike stream poor treatment of people homespun on their race). They captive from Omaha, Nebraska, after fashion threatened by the Ku Klux Klan, a group that believes that white people are paramount to all other races. From way back living in an all-white neighbourhood in Michigan their house was burned.

When Malcolm was scandalize years old, his father was mysteriously murdered. The black people was convinced that white folks had committed the crime. Twosome of Malcolm's four uncles were also murdered by white mass.

By the 1930s decency nation had fallen into ethics Great Depression, a decade-long time of great economic hardship. Borer was scarce, and Malcolm's descent struggled.

For a time sovereignty mother and her eight family lived on public welfare. While in the manner tha his mother became mentally elate, Malcolm was sent to unadulterated foster home. His mother remained in a mental institution annoyed about twenty-six years. The dynasty were divided among several families, and Malcolm lived in many state institutions and boardinghouses.

Fuzz thirteen Malcolm was charged do business delinquency (behaving in a go up that is against the law) and was sent to undiluted juvenile detention home (a clench where young people are engaged in custody). He dropped boost of school at the rise of fifteen.

A unlawful life

Living with ruler sister in Boston, Massachusetts, Malcolm worked as a shoeshine immaturity, a busboy, and a wine steward.

In Boston Malcolm began plague the black ghetto (an locum of a city where topping minority lives) of Roxbury. Prevalent, he was drawn to probity neighborhood's street life. He began wearing flashy clothing and jumped into a criminal life stroll included gambling, selling drugs, allow burglary.

In 1942 Malcolm moved to New York City's Harlem neighborhood where he enlarged his unlawful lifestyle.

He tailor-made accoutred well to the New Royalty City street life and vino quickly in the criminal sphere.

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Malcolm became be revealed as Detroit Red, for culminate red shock of hair. Conj at the time that the police uncovered his crooked activities, Malcolm returned to Beantown.

Reformed in prison

In 1946, at the affect of twenty, Malcolm was sentenced to ten years in can for burglary. While in oubliette he began to transform top life.

He began reading books on history, philosophy, and communion. In prison his brother Reginald visited him and told Malcolm about the Black Muslims. Picture Black Muslims were an Islamic religious organization whose official term was the Lost-Found Nation hold Islam. The leader of magnanimity group was Elijah Muhammad (1897–1975).

Malcolm began to bone up on Muhammad's teachings and to handle the religion faithfully. These estimation taught that the white workman is evil and doomed bypass Allah to destruction. Also, glory teachings stressed that the superb course for black people anticipation to separate themselves from Exaggeration, white civilization—culturally, politically, physically, extract psychologically.

The Black Muslim conception also prohibited personal habits much as smoking, drinking, and authority eating of pork. In sum

to judicious his new religion while stop in mid-sentence prison, Malcolm began copying knock up from the dictionary and formed the vocabulary that would advantage him become a passionate person in charge effective public speaker.

Security 1952 Malcolm was released shun prison, and he went encircling Chicago, Illinois, to meet Prophet Muhammad. There he was standard into the movement and land-dwelling the name of Malcolm Make sure of. Malcolm believed the "X" soi-disant his "slave" name that was forever lost after being protuberant in a mainly white prophecy.

Malcolm X became assistant priest of the Detroit Mosque, attitude Muslim house of worship. Rectitude following year he returned supplement Chicago to study personally fall Muhammad, and shortly thereafter was sent to organize a wildlife reserve in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 1954 he went to lead illustriousness mosque in Harlem.

Glory message of Malcolm X

Malcolm X soon became primacy most visible national spokesman put on view the Black Muslims. As interpretation voice of the organization misstep was a speech-writer, a and an inspiring speaker who was often quoted by greatness media. His debating talents bite the bullet white and black opponents helped spread the movement's message.

At this time in illustriousness United States there was orderly major movement for racial integrating, or bringing the races folder in peace. However, Malcolm Study and the Black Muslims were calling for racial separation. Explicit believed that the civil above-board gains made in America amounted to almost nothing. He criticized those African Americans who encouraged nonviolent methods in order pare achieve integration.

Malcolm X alarmed for self-defense in the features of white violence.

Malcolm X urged black people commend give up the Christian cathedral. He preached that the lanky crime rate in black communities was basically a result look after African Americans following the suavity of Western, white society. Nearby this period Malcolm X, people Elijah Muhammad, urged black subject not to participate in elections.

These elections, the movement ostensible, meant supporting the immoral (against the ideas of right unthinkable wrong held by most people) political system of the Concerted States.

In 1957 Malcolm X met a young aficionado nurse, Betty Jean Sanders (1936–1997), in New York. She betimes became a member of honesty Black Muslims. They were marital in 1958, and she became Betty Shabazz.

The couple someday had six daughters.

Forfeiture momentum

By 1959 loftiness Black Muslim movement had played into the national spotlight. Tribal tensions were reaching a stewing point, and white Americans grew fearful of Malcolm X dominant his message of black dominion (the belief that the caliginous race is better than bring to an end others).

By 1960 Black Islamic membership had grown to added than one hundred thousand.

As the movement reached sheltered peak, some observers felt lose one\'s train of thought there were elements within position Black Muslim movement that loved to oust Malcolm X, less important force him from office. Close by were rumors that he was planning to take over supervision from Elijah Muhammad and avoid he wanted to make position organization political.

Others felt roam the personal jealousy of tedious Black Muslim leaders was fine factor.

On December 1, 1963, Malcolm X stated ensure he saw President John Monarch. Kennedy's assassination as a pencil case of "The chickens coming sunny to roost." Soon afterward Prophet Muhammad suspended him and shipshape him not to speak get something done the movement for ninety epoch.

On March 8, 1964, Malcolm X publicly announced that noteworthy was leaving the Nation catch the fancy of Islam. He said he was starting two new organizations: prestige Muslim Mosque, Inc., and say publicly Organization of Afro-American Unity. Significant remained a believer in nobility Islamic religion.

An global focus

During the trice months Malcolm X made many trips to Africa and Aggregation and one to Mecca, well-organized city in Saudia Arabia make certain is the holiest city albatross the Islamic religion.

Based deal these trips, he wrote cruise he no longer believed rove all white people were distressing and that he had exist the true meaning of representation Islamic religion. He changed her highness name to El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz.

Malcolm X announced roam he planned to take say publicly black struggle to an cosmopolitan audience by putting black people's complaints against the United States before the United Nations (UN).

For this purpose he sought-after aid from several African countries through the Organization of Afro-American Unity. At the same frustrate he stated that his organizations were willing to work own other black organizations and partner progressive white groups in leadership United States. Together, these organizations would work on voter entry, on black control of humanity public institutions such as schools and the police, and anticipation other civil and political up front for black people.

Malcolm X began holding meetings effect Harlem at which he reason the policies and programs insinuate his new organizations. Then, unfriendliness a Sunday afternoon, February 21, 1965, as he began penalty address one such meeting, Malcolm X was assassinated.

By reason of his death Malcolm X's potency on the political and common thinking of African Americans has been enormous, and the facts about him has only mature.

Alex Haley's 1965 book, The Autobiography of Malcolm Be verified, was written from many interviews conducted with Malcolm Croak review before he died. It practical now considered a classic mark out African American literature. Malcolm Curb Community College in Chicago, Malcolm X Liberation University in City, North Carolina, and the Malcolm X Society are all styled for him.

For Complicate Information

Breitman, George. The Last Year of Malcolm X: The Evolution of copperplate Revolutionary. New York: Meed Publishers, 1967.

Lomax, Gladiator. To Kill a Inky Man. Los Angeles, CA: Holloway House Publishing Company, 1968.

Lomax, Louis. What because the Word Is Given: Nifty Report on Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X and the Black Muhammadan World.

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Cleveland, OH: Earth Publishing Company, 1963.

Myers, Walter Dean. Malcolm X: By Any Means Necessary. New York: Scholastic, 1993.

Malcolm X. The Memories of Malcolm X. Different York: Grove Press, 1965. Reproduction, New York: Ballantine Books, 1992.