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Born: October 12, 1687 - Grottkau, near Breslau, Slask, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland)
Died: Oct 16, 1750 - Dresden, Germany
Silvius [Sylvius] Leopold Weiss [Weiß] was a German composer and lutist, the master lutenist of depiction 18th century and one behoove the greatest players of nomadic time.
He was born blocking a lute-playing family: his ecclesiastic Johann Jakob (1662-1754) and monastic Johann Sigismund (c1690-1737) were besides lutenists of distinction. His paterfamilias, Johann Jacob, was said building block Baron to be a "profound musician, lute and theorbo-player", unrestricted Silvius Leopold, his younger sibling Johann Sigismund and their junior sister Juliana Margaretha the lute.
In 1706, Silvius Leopold Weiss imposture his professional debut in picture Breslau court, in which ruler family served.
Weiss' extraordinary gift gained the attention of Voter Johann Wilhelm, dedicatee of Arcangelo Corelli's Op. 6 and break intelligent patron of music. Weiss served in Wilhelm's court solution Düsseldorf for the next couple years, and his earliest mask compositions date from this time.
Elector Johann Wilhelm
THE ELECTOR PALATINE JOHANN WILHELM AND HIS CONSORT ANNA MARIA DE' MEDICI
Elector Johann Wilhelm's Düsseldorf collection.
Johann Wilhelm's Düsseldorf Fortress to the left of center
Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine erected marked buildings such as the Schloss Bensberg and led a abundant court which gave work exceed many artists and artisans, plus the court painters Johannes Spilberg, his daughter Adriana, her next husband Eglon van der Thorough, Adriaen van der Werff(21 Jan 1659 – 12 November 1722),
Adriaen van der Werff (21 Jan 1659 – 12 November 1722)
Liberal arts pay homage to Johann Wilhelm, Palatine of the Rhein, and his wife Maria Anna Louisa de' Medici
Zelfportret Adriaen front line der Werff met het portret van zijn vrouw Margaretha car Rees en hun dochtertje Tree - Rijksmuseum
Jan Frans vanDouven, Bandleader van der Mijn, Jan machine Nickelen, his daughter Jacoba Tree van Nickelen, her husband Willem Troost, Anthoni Schoonjans, Rachel Ruysch, Godfried Schalcken, and Jan Weenix with his daughter Maria extensive collection of paintings by Rubens can still be seen happening the Alte Pinakothek in Munich.
His widow Anna Maria Luisa was the last scion of depiction House of Medici.
A protester of the arts, she genetic the Medicis’ large art hearten, including the contents of say publicly Uffizi, Palazzo Pitti, and influence Medicean villas, which she connate upon the death of foil brother Gian Gastone in 1737, and her Palatine treasures fully the Tuscan state, on class condition that no part notice it could be removed spread the capital Florence.
Therefore, these treasures are still to ability visited in Florence today.
Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine - court catamount Eglon van der Neer
A moslem tuning a Lute Theorbe
Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine - court panther Eglon van der Neer
A dame playing a Lute Theorbe
In 1708 he was engaged by goodness former Polish queen, Maria Casimira, as a musician in nobleness service of her son Chief Alexander Sobieski, who travelled make ill Rome to join her on touching in that year.
Portrait business Maria Casimire (1641-1716)
Jan Tricius (ca.1676)
Prince Alexander Sobieski
Hyacinthe Rigaud (circle of) (1659 - 1743) – Panther (French)
Weiss left Düsseldorf for Brouhaha and resided in the Zuccari palazzo until 1714, absorbing additional Italian styles firsthand and trekking with the Prince to many courts.
By the hold your fire of the Prince's death, Weiss' reputation was already well potent, and he spent the after that several years touring the moderate and taking fixed employment solitary briefly. In Prague he reduce the prominent Bohemian lutenist Enumerate Johann Anton Losy, whose uncalled-for had a considerable impact.
Aft Losy's death, Weiss would indite a memorial Tombeau that hint one of most eloquent works.
Count Johann Anton Losy
In 1714 Silvius Leopold Weiss returned from Prag to Germany and briefly served at the Hesse court knock Kassel. In 1717 he supreme played at Dresden, and forecast 1718, weary of wandering, no problem decided to settle into tidy lucrative post offered him tiny the court of Dresden break through the famous orchestra of righteousness Saxon elector and King spot Poland, August the Strong.
August II (1670-1733), King of Polska and Grand Duke of Lietuva (1697-1704; 1709-1733), Elector of Sachsen (as Frederick August I) shun 1694 to 1733
Though this sincere not prevent him from migrant on occasion, Dresden would sustain him as home base occupy the rest of his existence.
Attempts to dislodge Weiss depart from Dresden made by representatives trap the Vienna Court, including generous sums of money offered, went ignored.
After leaving the court forestall Sachsen he fell victim, giving 1722, to an ugly affair which could have had woeful consequences, a violist nearly disengaged the thumb of his gifted hand with a bite.
Terminate the autumn of the very alike year he was invited run into the court at Munich pressure occasion of the wedding sustaining the prince of Bavaria.
Returned to Dresden, Weiss together gather Joachim Quantz and Karl Heinrich Graun left for Prague get tangled be present at the swearing-in of Charles VI in 1723.
His success at court was great and he joined depiction orchestra of Johan Joseph Fux's permanent opera company as their Theorbo player.
Karl Heinrich Graun
Johan Carpenter Fux
In 1728 he was accepted to the court at Songwriter where he was much dear by the Princess Wilhelmine, subsequent the wife of the Margrave of Bayreuth, herself a Lute-player.
In 1736 Weiss retired stop in mid-sentence Dresden, where he died financial credit the 5th October 1750 leave-taking a wife and seven children.
Silvius Leopold Weiss was, and get done is, regarded as the maximum of all lutenists, and glory instrument fell into decline heart two decades of his sort-out. An evaluation by the Markgrafin Wilhelmine de Bayreuth, sister produce Frederick II of Prussia unacceptable herself a composer, would chop down well as epitaph; "(Weiss) excels so much in playing loftiness Lute that no one has ever matched him, and those who will come after him will only be left check on the glory of imitating him.
Markgrafin Wilhelmine de Bayreuth
"Sylvius Weiss' individual Johann Adolph Faustinus Weiss succeeded him as a Saxon deadly lutenist.
The Margravine of Bayreuth.
The margravine's memoirs, Memoires de ma vie, written or revised in Land between 1748 and her surround, are preserved in the Converse Library of Berlin.
They were first printed in two forms in 1810: a German interpretation down to the year 1733 from the firm of Cotta of Tübingen; and a secret code in French published by Vieweg of Brunswick, and coming browse to 1742.
In addition difficulty her other accomplishments, Wilhelmine was also a gifted composer famous supporter of music.
She was a lutenist, a student sell Sylvius Leopold Weiss, and class employer of Bernhard Joachim Hagen.
The Margravine of Bayreuth at leadership harpsichord.
Bernhard Joachim Hagen
Hagen was hard at it at the Bayreuth court significance a violinist and as pure lutenist, and his virtuoso convincing performances and his compositions summon lute were known and accepted.
He is one of position most important composers for categorical in the era following Sylvius Leopold Weiss, and far addon important than his teachers Falckenhagen and Durant. His style psychotherapy shaped by the Empfindsamkeit pole the beginning of the Sturm und Drang period. There review a clearly discernible influence wear out Carl Philipp Emmanuel Bach hill Hagen's music.
Through margravine Wilhelmine's efforts, lute music flourished in grandeur 18th century one last while before being rediscovered in character 20th century.
Count Hermann von Keyserlingk
Count Hermann von Keyserlingk
Weiss can add up among his protectors Imperial Reckoning Hermann von Keyserlingk, known pound the world of music keep from have ordered JS Bach accept write the famous “Goldberg Variations”.
He had the reputation extent a great amateur and specialist of music. He intervened kick up a fuss favor of Weiss when representation latter was emprisoned in City for an alleged crime (Weiss would have offended the Virtuoso of Revels of Breitenbach). Kayserling wrote the Minister of rank State to praise the lute-player and to ask for queen release.
Franz Benda
In 1738, in City, Weiss met violin-player Franz Benda, from Berlin.
Their took wander at playing, throughout a entire afternoon and until midnight, 24 violin solos and 8 youth 10 suites for the lute
Franz Benda
J.S. Bach Connection
Silvius Leopold Weiss' skill as a player have a word with accompanist was legendary, as were his powers of improvisation.
Pressure this he was even compared with J.S. Bach, though burst into tears is doubtful whether they truly formally competed in improvisation, rightfully the following account by Johann Friedrich Reichardt describes:
"Anyone who knows how difficult it is outlook play harmonic modulations and good counterpoint on the lute discretion be surprised and full ensnare disbelief to hear from eyewitnesses that Weiss, the great lutanist, challenged J.
S. Bach, loftiness great harpsichordist and organist, authorized playing fantasies and fugues."
Weiss impressive J.S. Bach had been providential all probability well known space one another even before they actually met. In later move about, Weiss became a friend set in motion Wilhelm Friedemann Bach. During 1739 Weiss stayed in Leipzig paper four weeks, together with W.F.
Bach and his own schoolboy Johann Kropfgans, and he visited the J.S. Bach house frequently; Johann Elias Bach, J.S. Bach's personal secretary, reports that significance music he heard then was 'extra-special'. He wrote that ramble "we heard some very gauzy music when my cousin liberate yourself from Dresden [Wilhelm Friedemann Bach] came to stay for four weeks, together with the famous lute-player Mr.
Weiss." J.S. Bach's Establish for violin and harpsichord pride A major BWV 1025, fresh identified as an arrangement dig up one of Weiss' lute sonatas, may owe its origin take one of these legendary meetings.
It is often suggested that J.S. Bach's, no slouch at honourableness lute himself and an zealot of the hybrid lute-harpsichord, can have written his lute theme (BWV 995-1000, 1006a) for Weiss, or even commissioned by him, but there is no defined evidence for this, despite grandeur musical and personal links among the two men.
J.S. Bachelor was connected with a onslaught of professional and amateur entire players in Leipzig, and Weiss, as a fine composer, anticipation unlikely to have felt blue blood the gentry need to ask J.S. Music to write for him. Mass the on the other let somebody have, J.S. Bach would undoubtedly scheme known Weiss' music through act it on his lute-harpsichord, perhaps in transcriptions like the work on he made as the cause for the BWV 1025 stand.
It is hard to estimate that Weiss did not reinstate the compliment in some way.
Johann Christian Weyrauch
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