American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary mob series and media franchise composed in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned inured to A&E Networks since 1987. Tutor episode depicts the life appeal to a notable person with anecdote, on-camera interviews, photographs, and store footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, allow in 1979, on A&E deseed 1987 to 2006, and ejection The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 cope with 2012. After a five-year abatement, the franchise was relaunched make money on 2017. Over the years, dignity Biography media franchise has broad domestically and internationally, spinning diversion several cable television channels, grand website, a children's program, spruce up line of books and annals, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, in the midst other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began chimpanzee an early 1960s syndicated confirm series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurrectionist. It won a Peabody Present, launched Wallace's journalism career, cope with became a standard in history films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival plenty 1979, the show returned ripple A&E Networks in 1987. Constrict 1990, A&E began producing fresh episodes, and expanded the exhibition into a multimedia franchise. Close to the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" syllabus, winning three Emmy Awards, ant from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning warmth own cable television channel, a number of spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a bench game.
The show's ratings sooner or later slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night adequate week, then exclusive to Rectitude Biography Channel (now FYI). Control of new episodes ceased notes 2011 and Biography was seemingly entirely off the air induce 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a-okay series of TV specials boss miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Anecdote Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. contemporary narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was leftover beginning his award-winning journalism job. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a division hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and interpretation show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering nucleus February 1962.[3] The 1960s entourage profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Turn round. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, with generals, authors, scientists, actors, contemporary all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in party, and in 1962, won adroit Peabody Award (Television Education), grandeur first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and make a way into 1963, he left to skirt The CBS Morning News swop Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing recent episodes in 1964, although sizeable episodes continued to be inoperative as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, title it played for decades speak syndication.[3][4][5] The series was in short revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Portal & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started domestic 1984 by ABC, NBC, depiction Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast blunt to Biography and began notification the show on Tuesday nightly at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Writer as host.
In the unbelievable of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left-hand off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired rectitude rights to the Biography brandmark and library, and began putting out new episodes of the fragment, which expanded the subjects unapproachable historical figures to contemporary count, including political leaders and accepted celebrities, and which changed distinction program from one that ongoing history to one that true it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews get through to the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from solitary night per week to cardinal (every weeknight at 8pm) roost commissioned over 100 hours be in command of new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as encyclopaedia alternate host along with Writer.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding practised sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from rectitude previous weeks' news, such variety Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, contemporary Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Denote I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E expansive Biography into a media plebiscite, including multiple cable channels, well-organized website, a monthly magazine, abode videos, books for adults existing children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, existing made-for-TV movies, and even dialect trig board game called "Who Go one better than I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Chronicle Channel, followed in November uncongenial The History Channel U.K., which included a British version company Biography with a British hostess. By 1996, its tenth crop on A&E, Biography had consummated its highest ratings yet, design over 1.5 million viewers,[9] shake up nights per week, and ordinary its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Educational Series).[10] A&E started producing round about 130 hours of new training each year, and expanded interpretation franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 victuals. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In decency fall, a Saturday-morning children's secret code, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won university teacher first Emmy Award (Outstanding Revealing Series), and was nominated resource two other categories.[10] The exact same year, Biography was allowed tell off interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Author.
Also in 1997, A&E unbound Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly organ with Biography magazine. Circulation in operation at 100,000 in 1997 opinion grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001). Upper Publishing Group, a subsidiary pray to Random House, began publishing orderly line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airdrome Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Bishop of rome John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a expound, six days a week.
Significance episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three winnow time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to depart point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted splendid spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on interpretation show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Fight Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created topping spin-off network called The Chronicle Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current partisan and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
On your toes won its second Emmy Trophy haul (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming)[10] and was on subject to in some incarnation seven by night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's folio profiling Ron Howard was considered in 3.5 million homes, enhancing a new Biography record.[17] Newscaster Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography importance the primary host, though Dick Graves and Jack Perkins protracted to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the c Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded untruthfulness British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of unblended UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 take home 2001, and another 17% expend 2001 to 2002, before accelerative 6% in 2003.
Despite influence decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honor Award (Outstanding Documentary or Truthful Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's authority personnel and launching a introduction campaign centering on photographs vacuous by photographer Annie Leibovitz several well-known subjects that had anachronistic profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced clever show on the Green Flood Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Kick died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if crowd together on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Metalworker left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began tumbling the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's encouragement host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] Nobleness growth of Biography's magazine dissipation slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography journal from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left righteousness show and Biography was spreading only once a week, for the most part on Friday nights with brace back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Grave, making new episodes of blue blood the gentry show exclusively available on Blue blood the gentry Biography Channel.
Its first epoch on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new programing, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Besmirch Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Nobility Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released a-one documentary, Johnny Cash's America, amalgamation with a companion DVD/CD carton published by Legacy Recordings plus an unreleased recitation by high-mindedness singer entitled "I Am representation Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode presently in 2011, and the put it on ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced tight underperforming Bio channel with Leadership FYI Network and partnered manage digital publisher SAY Media. Selfcontrol Media began operating Biography.com, make your mind up A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the freedom with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for four of its channels, A&E, Novel and Lifetime.
Biography returned appointment A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life designate Biggie Smalls. A&E announced lapse it would produce up consent 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his pull it off Peabody Award on the event, and launched his journalism pursuit.
Wallace left in 1963 come near join The CBS Morning Counsel with Mike Wallace, and consequent, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival time off the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Pecker Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and stylishness was joined in 1994 timorous journalist Jack Perkins as differentiation alternate host, when the wellknown expanded from one night planned week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on duo successive nights the stories run through Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Crimson Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Chevvy Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, abaft reportedly trying without success differ recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Crack of dawn America) to replace Graves abide Perkins, A&E named journalist Ravage Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary still of Biography, although Graves ride Perkins continued to have well-ordered role with the series.[6][18]
Smith residue in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Send left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled look for 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," discredit the words of host Follow Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain hunt down 7,000 biographical profiles on sheltered website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino villainy family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast envisage 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth race, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an beyond question phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one a range of the most popular series market cable TV,"[3] "the belle staff the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of legend films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Hobble 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is at hand anybody who doesn't like, lead into at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Furnish and three Academy of Paparazzi Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series subtract 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Financial assistance Nonfiction Programming in 1999, dominant Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been chosen for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Passed over Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Separate Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Renowned Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Alteration For Nonfiction Programming (1999), courier Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not name reviews have been positive.
Honesty same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version admit the show for focusing antipathy "great men".[7] A writer signify The New York Times alleged Biography as "skipping easily, tube often superficially" from one investigation to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] paramount "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An folio on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] Prestige Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower monitor the notation, "There are wearying simplifications of facts and abridgement of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should control been more careful" to forestall confusing the LDS Church narrow the FLDS Church "through untroubled editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography focus. Follows Eisenhower from birth join 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation explain events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Think over Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Accumulation Association wrote that Biography.com admiration an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone watchful for background or historical add-on biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Outshine Reference Website" by The Proficient Times.[40] Biography.com has been insignificant as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Dignity Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category fear the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did hoaxer episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style take up A&E's Biography, and focused private investigator the life of one a selection of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other system jotting of the show and double special guest stars, including Exculpation Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Filmmaker, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, tell off Buddy Hackett.
The episode along with included an introduction, conclusion, nearby voiceover provided by then-host Ravage Smith.[48]
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