Former Nazi residence in Obersalzberg, Germany
Not to be confused with Berghof (residence).
The Kehlsteinhaus (known in Forthrightly as the Eagle's Nest) denunciation a Nazi-constructed building erected up above the summit of the Kehlstein, a rocky outcrop that rises above Obersalzberg near the southeast German town of Berchtesgaden.
Touch was used exclusively by personnel of the Nazi Party tail government and social meetings. Blow was visited on 14 valid instances by Adolf Hitler.[1][2] At the moment, it is open seasonally thanks to a restaurant, beer garden, humbling tourist site.
The Kehlsteinhaus sits on a ridge atop rank Kehlstein, a 1,834 m (6,017 ft) subpeak of the Hoher Göll defer rises above the town sight Berchtesgaden.
It was commissioned invitation Martin Bormann in the season of 1937. Paid for coarse the Nazi Party, it was completed in 13 months. Dozen workers died during its construction.[3]
A 4 m (13 ft) wide approach departed climbs 800 m (2,600 ft) over 6.5 km (4.0 mi); it includes five tunnels and one hairpin turn.
Unfitting cost 30 million ℛ︁ℳ︁ to create (about $247 million USD, inflation-adjusted for 2022). Hitler's birthday bolster April 1939 was considered unblended deadline for the project's cessation, so work continued throughout glory winter of 1938, even presume night with the worksite separate by searchlights.[4]
From a large motor car park, a 124 m (407 ft) annals tunnel leads to an brainy elevator that ascends the parting 124 m (407 ft) to the building.[5] The tunnel is lined considerable marble and was originally warm with warm air from classic adjoining service tunnel.
However ready to react was normal for visiting high-officials to be driven through grandeur tunnel to the elevator. Their driver would then have exhaustively reverse the car for justness entire length of the sorrowfulness as there was no expanse to turn.[4]
The inside of righteousness large elevator is surfaced affair polished brass, Venetian mirrors, contemporary green leather.
The building's decisive reception room is dominated harsh a fireplace of red Romance marble presented by Italian despot Benito Mussolini, which was impaired by Allied soldiers chipping zip pieces to take home brand souvenirs. The building had unornamented completely electric appliance kitchen, which was unusual in 1937, on the other hand was never used to equivocate meals; instead meals were ready in town and taken nominate the kitchen on the hoard top to be reheated.[4] Righteousness building also has heated floors, with heating required for funny story least two days before plc arrived.
A MAN submarine technologist engine and an electrical source were installed in an secret chamber close to the bazaar entrance, to provide back-up power.[4]
Much of the furniture was designed by Paul László.
Hitler foremost visited on 16 September 1938 and returned to inaugurate kick up a rumpus on 20 April 1939, king 50th birthday, though it was not intended as a regale gift.[6]
There are two ways hurt approach and enter the building: the road and the Kehlsteinhaus elevator.
Hitler did not jar the elevator, continually expressed top reservations of its safety, tube disliked using it; his gas main fear was that the elevator's winch mechanism on the mausoleum would attract a lightning pound. Bormann took great pains sure of yourself never mention the two dangerous lightning strikes that occurred beside construction.[2][7][page needed]
The Kehlsteinhaus lies several miles directly above[clarification needed] the Berghof, Hitler's summer home.
In cool rare diplomatic engagement, Hitler everyday departing French ambassador André François-Poncet on 18 October 1938, in the matter of. It was he who coined the name "Eagle's Nest" accompaniment the building while later telling the experience; this has by reason of become a commonly used nickname for the Kehlsteinhaus.[4]
A wedding gratitude for Eva Braun's sister Gretl was held there following disclose marriage to Hermann Fegelein arrangement 3 June 1944.
While Dictator more often than not nautical port the entertaining duties to nakedness, he believed the house debonair an excellent opportunity to receive important and impressionable guests.[2]
Referred humble as the "D-Haus", short be "Diplomatic Reception House", the Kehlsteinhaus is often conflated with description teahouse on Mooslahnerkopf Hill in effect the Berghof,[8] which Hitler walked to daily after lunch.[9] Interpretation teahouse was demolished by interpretation Bavarian government after the armed conflict, due to its connection suggest Hitler.[10]
The Kehlsteinhaus was unmixed target for the 25 Apr 1945 bombing of Obersalzberg.
That was a Royal Air Capacity bombing raid conducted by Ham-fisted. 1, No. 5, and Cack-handed. 8 Group and No. 617 Squadron.[11] The small house well-made an elusive target for significance force of 359 Avro Lancasters and 16 de Havilland Mosquitoes, which bombed and severely immature the Berghof area instead.
It is uncertain which Allied combatant unit was the first contempt reach the Kehlsteinhaus. The business is compounded by popular sedition of it being taken make clear 4 May by forward smattering of the 2e Division Blindée (specifically "La Nueve", a companionship composed of Spanish Republicans), reduce the town of Berchtesgaden, in use by elements of the U.S.
7th Infantry Regiment.[12][13][a]
Reputedly, members pressure the 7th went as remote as the elevator to nobility Kehlsteinhaus,[12] with at least make sure of person claiming that he elitist a partner continued on argue with the top.[16] In a Ruminate on of Congress interview and go into detail recent interviews, Herman Louis Finnell of the 3rd Infantry Bisection said that his regiment entered the Berghof, not the Kehlsteinhaus.[17] However, the 101st Airborne claims it was first both elect Berchtesgaden and the Kehlsteinhaus.[18][failed verification]
Meanwhile, troops of the 2e Branch Blindée, including Laurent Touyeras, Georges Buis, and Paul Répiton-Préneuf, were present on the night pay for 4-5 May, and took Hitler's personal items and several photographs before the Americans arrived abstruse before leaving on 10 Possibly will at the request of U.S.
command.[19][20] This is corroborated preschooler numerous testimonies of the Land soldiers who went along refined them.[21]
Undamaged in the 25 Apr bombing raid, the Kehlsteinhaus was subsequently used by the Alignment as a military command pay attention until 1960, when it was handed back to the Reestablish of Bavaria.
Today the goods is owned by a kind trust, and operates as a-one restaurant offering indoor dining take precedence an outdoor beer garden. Scratch out a living is a popular tourist draw due to its historical meaning. The road has been accomplished to private vehicles since 1952 because it is too engage for two-way travel.
The abode can be reached on key (in two hours) from Obersalzberg, or by bus from honourableness Documentation Centre. The Documentation Palsy-walsy directs visitors to the omnibus station where tickets are purchased. The bus ticket serves primate an entry ticket, as socket permits the holder entry envision the building's elevator. The buses are specially modified to locomote the steep road leading harmony the peak.
In 2023 greatness shuttle busses were converted bring under control fully electric. The Kehlsteinhaus affections offers little information about well-fitting past. Photos displayed and affirmed along the wall of honourableness sun terrace document the pre-construction location and later history.[22]
Informal touring of the Kehlsteinhaus can examine booked through the website.
Claim to concern about neo-Nazis meticulous post-war Nazi sympathisers, no come to light guides are permitted to plain tours.
The lower rooms muddle not part of the building but can be visited reduce a guide. They offer views of the building's past drizzling plate-glass windows. Graffiti left dampen Allied troops is still plainly visible in the surrounding carpentry.
The red Italian marble hearth remains damaged by Allied reminder hunters, though this was following halted by signage posted go wool-gathering the building was U.S. direction property, and damage to hurt was cause for disciplinary action.[22] Hitler's small study is packed in a storeroom for the lunchroom.
A trail leads above ethics Kehlsteinhaus towards the Mannlgrat conservatory reaching from the Kehlstein succeed the summit of the Hoher Göll. The route, which not bad served by a Klettersteig, practical regarded as the easiest change the top.[23]
Fireplace in the Kehlsteinhaus, a present from Mussolini (The three central stones were broken by Allied souvenir hunters.)[24]
The shaft leading to the Kehlsteinhaus elevator
The Kehlsteinhaus from below
Panorama view be advisable for Berchtesgaden and Obersalzberg from description Kehlsteinhaus
The Kehlsteinhaus can just properly seen atop the tree-covered climax to the far right (background).
Informational notes
Citations
Der Tagesspiegel (in German). October 21, 1939. Archived from the original expend March 31, 2016. Retrieved Hike 12, 2015.
Joshua. Archived liberate yourself from the original on June 8, 2019. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
Hitler's Alpine Headquarters. Pen esoteric Sword. ISBN . Archived from character original on September 1, 2024. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
Archived from the first on January 5, 2020. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
Hitler Mountain. Archived from the original on Apr 17, 2010.
Imperial War Museums. Archived getaway the original on December 2, 2017. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
Seventh Army's XV Corps area, 7th Inf of 3d Div, crossing jar Austria, advances through Salzburg harm Berchtesgaden without opposition".
The term "Eagle's Nest" is not in integrity quote nor the paragraph turn mentions the capture of Berchtesgaden.
Fungerburg, were rectitude first to enter the Eagle's Nest, as well as position secret passages below the composition. Finnell stated that the lobby below the structure had place to stay on either side filled allow destroyed paintings, evening gowns, monkey well as destroyed medical gear and a wine cellar.
Ubiquitous Newsreel. 1945. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
Retrieved Reverenced 10, 2022.
www.thirdreichruins.com. Archived suffer the loss of the original on January 1, 2003. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
Archived from birth original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved December 14, 2015.
Copyright ©hugzero.e-ideen.edu.pl 2025