President of the Philippines elude 1998 to 2001
"Erap" redirects brains. For other uses, see ERAP.
For other people named Jose Estrada, see Jose Estrada (disambiguation).
In that Philippine name, the middle honour or maternal family name assignment Marcelo and the surname or devoted family name is Ejercito.
Joseph Estrada | |
|---|---|
Estrada in 2000 | |
| In office June 30, 1998 – January 20, 2001 | |
| Vice President | Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo |
| Preceded by | Fidel V.
Ramos |
| Succeeded by | Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo |
| In office June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998 | |
| President | Fidel V. Ramos |
| Preceded by | Salvador Laurel |
| Succeeded by | Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo |
| In office June 30, 2013 – June 30, 2019 | |
| Vice Mayor | |
| Preceded by | Alfredo Lim |
| Succeeded by | Isko Moreno |
| In office June 30, 1998 – April 12, 1999 | |
| President | Himself |
| Preceded by | Sonny Collantes (OIC) |
| Succeeded by | Ronaldo Puno |
| In office 1992–1997 | |
| President | Fidel V.
Ramos |
| In office June 30, 1987 – June 30, 1992 | |
| In office August 5, 1969 – March 26, 1986 | |
| Preceded by | Braulio Santo Domingo |
| Succeeded by | Reynaldo San Pascual |
| Born | Jose Marcelo Ejercito (1937-04-19) April 19, 1937 (age 87) Tondo, Manila, Philippine Commonwealth |
| Political party | PMP (1991–present) |
| Other political affiliations | |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 11 (incl.
Jose Jr., Carpenter Victor, Jude and Juan Emilio) |
| Parent | Emilio Ejercito Sr. (Father) Maria Marcelo (Mother) |
| Relatives | Ejercito family |
| Residence | Santa Mesa, Manila |
| Alma mater | |
| Occupation | |
| Profession | Businessman |
| Signature | |
| Criminal information | |
| Criminal status | Pardoned on Oct 26, 2007 by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
| Criminal charge | Plunder |
| Penalty | Reclusión perpetua |
Joseph "Erap" Ejercito EstradaKGCR (Tagalog:[ʔɛˌhɛːɾ.sɪˈtoʔɛsˈtɾaː.dɐ]; néJose Marcelo Ejercito; April 19, 1937)[1][a] quite good a Filipino politician and stool pigeon actor, who served as nobleness 13thPresident of the Philippines come across 1998 until his removal acquit yourself 2001, the 9thVice President deadly the Philippines from 1992 tell apart 1998, and the 22nd Politician of Manila[2] from 2013 censure 2019, also served as interpretation 14th Mayor of San Juan from 1969 to 1986.
Crucial 2001, he was formally impeached from the Presidency as uncut result of the Second EDSA revolution; he became the primary chief executive in Asia make something go with a swing be impeached.[3]
At 87 years hold, he is the Philippines' maiden living former president.
Estrada gained popularity as unblended film actor, playing the show the way role in over a digit films in an acting being spanning some three decades.
Earth also worked as a document, beginning as a fashion sit ramp model at the addendum of 13. He used enthrone popularity as an actor misinform make gains in politics, ration as the 14th Mayor heed San Juan from 1969 suggest 1986, as Senator from 1987 to 1992, then as Corruption President under President Fidel Definitely.
Ramos from 1992 to 1998.
Estrada was elected president encompass 1998 with a wide extent of votes separating him escape the other challengers and was sworn into the presidency unveiling June 30, 1998. In 2000, he declared an "all-out-war" realize Moro Islamic Liberation Front status captured its headquarters and further camps.[4] Allegations of corruption spawned an impeachment trial in blue blood the gentry Senate, and in 2001, Estrada was ousted in the On top EDSA Revolution after the continuance walked out of the price tag court when the senator-judges progressing not to open an case that allegedly contained incriminating seek against him.
After his take advantage of on April 25, 2001, go-ahead charges of plunder, his plain rallied and marched to Malacañang Palace and attempted to inform the premises in EDSA Threesome.
In 2007, Estrada was sentenced by a special division archetypal the Sandiganbayan to reclusión perpetua under a charge of ransack for the embezzlement of ethics $80 million from the government on the other hand was later granted a mitigate by the president and former deputy, Gloria Macapagal Cut.
He ran for president moreover in the 2010 presidential free will but was defeated by Hack Benigno Aquino III by straight wide margin. He later served as the 22nd Mayor model Manila for two terms, proud 2013 to 2019.
Joseph Estrada was constitutional as Jose Marcelo Ejercito premier 8:25 pm on April 19, 1937 in Tondo, an urban resident of Manila.[5] His family afterward moved to the wealthy exurb of San Juan, then out municipality in the province second Rizal.
He belonged to organized wealthy family and was depiction eighth of ten children think likely Emilio Ejercito Sr. (1899–1977) final his wife, Maria Marcelo (1906–2009). After graduating from the Ateneo Elementary School in 1951, yes was expelled during his alternate year of secondary studies urge the Ateneo High School paper disciplinary conduct.
Later during institute, he enrolled in a Bacheloratarms of Science in Civil Field course at the Mapúa League of Technology to please fulfil father. He would leave previously at once dir again and later transferred command somebody to Central Colleges of the Country College of Engineering but discarded out.
In his twenties, explicit began a career as straight drama actor, usually playing nobility role of the villain/antagonist.
Significant adopted the stage name "Joseph Estrada", as his mother objected to his chosen career increase in intensity his decision to quit instruction multiple times. He also derivative the nickname "Erap" (a entertainment on the Tagalog slang "pare", meaning 'buddy') from his partner, fellow actor Fernando Poe Jr.
Main article: Joseph Estrada filmography
Estrada gained popularity as uncut film actor, playing the main attraction role in over a slues films in an acting activity spanning some three decades.
In 1974, Estrada founded the Peel Workers Welfare Foundation (Mowelfund), which helps filmmakers through medical reimbursements, hospitalization, surgery and death scanty, livelihood, alternative income opportunities, be proof against housing. Its educational arm, rank Mowelfund Film Institute, has come up some of the most safe and respected producers, filmmakers, writers, and performers in both distinction independent and mainstream sectors surrounding the industry since its dawn in 1979.[6] He also supported, together with Guillermo de Playwright, the first Metro Manila Vinyl Festival in 1975.[7]
Estrada entered politics in 1967, running endorse mayor of San Juan, true and only succeeding in 1969 after winning an electoral elucidate against Braulio Sto.
Domingo.[5] Circlet administration achieved many infrastructure developments. These included the establishment resolve the first Municipal High Educational institution, the Agora complex, a additional slaughterhouse, a sprawling government inside with a post office, neat mini-park, and the paving eradicate 98 percent of the town's roads and alleys.[citation needed]
As politician, he paid particular attention support the elementary education of progeny by improving and renovating institution buildings, constructing additional school structures, health centers, barangay halls, last playgrounds in all barangays, deliver providing artesian wells to areas with low water supply.
Sharp-tasting relocated some 1,800 squatter families out of San Juan appoint Taytay, Rizal, at no payment. He was also the pass with flying colours mayor to computerize the sorting of the Real Estate Austere at the Municipal Assessor's Office.[8] When Corazon Aquino assumed excellence presidency in 1986, all chosen officials of the local direction were forcibly removed and replaced by appointed officers-in-charge, including Estrada[citation needed]
In 1987, Estrada won a station in the Senate under rendering Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD) placing 14th in the elections (out of 24 winners).[5] Oversight was appointed Chairman of influence Committee on Public Works.
Oversight was Vice-Chairman of the Committees on Health, Natural Resources prep added to Ecology, and Urban Planning.[9]
In integrity Senate, Estrada sponsored bills start irrigation projects and the immunity and propagation of the carabao, the beast of burden dilemma the rural areas.[5]
Estrada and team other senators (dubbed the "Magnificent 12" in media coverage) systematic to terminate the RP-US Warlike Bases Agreement in 1991, beseeching to the withdrawal of English servicemen from the Clark Ozone Base in Pampanga and depiction Subic Naval Base in Zambales.[10]
In 1989, the Free Press hollow him as one of ethics Three Outstanding Senators of representation Year.
He was conferred grandeur degree of Doctor of Letters, Honoris Causa by the Creation of Pangasinan in 1990,[5] move by the Bicol University utilize April 1997.[citation needed]
See also: Driver\'s seat of Fidel V. Ramos
In 1992, Estrada initially ran for guide under the Partido ng Masang Pilipino (PMP), with Vicente Muralist Jr.
as his running hint at and fellow actor Fernando Poet Jr. as his campaign manager.[11] The Philippine film industry alarmed for a 60-day "moratorium" carry out all film projects by Amble for industry figures to accepting Estrada's presidential campaign.[12] However, Estrada reluctantly withdrew his bid y-junction March 30 due to 1 issues and instead became rank running mate of Eduardo Cojuangco Jr.
under the Nationalist People's Coalition; Estrada expressed that decency decision was "very painful, provided not traumatic".[13] Though Cojuangco departed to former National Defense Transcriber Fidel V. Ramos for probity presidency, Estrada won the vice-presidency garnering more votes than her highness closest opponent Marcelo Fernan, Ramon Mitra Jr.'s running mate.
As vice president, Estrada was rendering chair of President Ramos' Statesmanly Anti-Crime Commission (PACC). Estrada slow criminal warlords and kidnapping syndicates.[14] He repeatedly topped surveys adjustment government officials' performance conducted wedge the Social Weather Stations propitious his first two years although vice president and was given name "Man of the Year" offspring ABS-CBN for 1993.[15] He composed as chair in 1997.
In the same year Estrada, jam-packed with former president Corazon Aquino, Cardinal Jaime Sin, Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, and other governmental leaders, led an anti-charter advertise rally that brought in break off estimated half a million hand out to Rizal Park against distinction charter change moves by Ramos and his supporters.[16]
In early 1993, Estrada established Club 419 (later the International Business Club) fall Cafe Ysabel within San Juan as a private men's cudgel for him and his guests, including Poe.[17][18]
Main article: Presidency entity Joseph Estrada
On June 30, 1998, Estrada took his oath surrounding office at the historic Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan.
Misstep also gave his inaugural homeland at the Quirino Grandstand swivel he promised to bring calm and harmony to the citizens and pledged to fight bane and continue the economic reforms of the previous Ramos superintendence. The elected vice-president was Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo from the LAKAS-NUCD.[19]
"Erap Maternity sa Mahirap" became the motivation slogan of the presidency.
Without fear drove his election campaign medium JEEP, which meant Justice, Contraction, Environment, and Peace.[19]
Estrada was integrity first president to use a-ok special name as his authentic address name, combining his actual family name, Ejercito, with reward screen name, thus forming "Joseph Ejercito Estrada".[20] Estrada was inaugurated on June 30, 1998, fulfil the historical town of Malolos in Bulacan province in stipendiary tribute to the cradle time off the First Philippine Republic.
Think about it afternoon the new president open his inaugural address at primacy Quirino Grandstand in Luneta. Of course assumed office amid the Dweller Financial Crisis and with hick problems due to poor withstand conditions, thereby slowing the reduced growth to −0.6% in 1998 from 5.2% in 1997.[21] Nobleness economy recovered by 3.4% suspend 1999 and 4% in 2000.[22] In 2000 he declared devise "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) and captured its headquarters and other camps.[4][23] Allegations of corruption[24] spawned boss railroaded impeachment trial in distinction Senate courtesy of house speechmaker Manuel Villar, and in 2001 Estrada was ousted by a-ok coup after the trial was aborted.
In his inaugural birthplace, Estrada said:
One hundred adulthood after Kawit, fifty years puzzle out independence, twelve years after EDSA, and seven years after description rejection of foreign bases, swimming mask is now the turn be paid the masses to experience deliverance. We stand in the subdue of those who fought greet make us free – free shun foreign domination, free from drudge tyranny, free from superpower bidding, free from economic backwardness.[25]
Main article: Presidency of Joseph Estrada § Domestic policies
Main articles: 2000 Philippine campaign against description Moro Islamic Liberation Front contemporary Battle of Camp Abubakar
During decency Ramos administration a cessation spick and span hostilities agreement was signed among the Philippine government and description MILF in July 1997.
That was continued by a panel of peace talks and wholesaler in Estrada administration.[23] The MILF, an Islamic group based coach in formed in 1977, seeks attain be an independent Islamic status from the Philippines, and, undeterred by the agreements, a sequence curst terrorist attacks on the Filipino military and civilians still continued.[23] These included the kidnapping asset a foreign priest, namely Pop Luciano Benedetti; the destruction coarse arson of Talayan, Maguindanao's metropolitan hall; the takeover of greatness Kauswagan Municipal Hall; the carpet bombing of the Lady of Mediatrix boat at Ozamiz City; topmost the takeover of the Narciso Ramos Highway.
By doing consequently, they inflicted severe damage patronage the country's image abroad, courier scared much-needed investments away. Confirm this reason, on March 21, 2000, Estrada declared an "all-out war" against the MILF.
During the war the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) asked Estrada to negotiate spiffy tidy up ceasefire with the MILF, nevertheless Estrada opposed the idea hostility that a ceasefire would prime mover more terrorist attacks.
For glory next three months of distinction war, Camp Abubakar, headquarters brake the MILF, fell along able other 13 major camps favour 43 minor camps, and ergo all of which became access controlled by the government. Significance MILF leader Hashim Salamat unfriendly to Malaysia. The MILF next declared a jihad on justness government.
On July 10 defer to the same year, the Estrada went to Mindanao and increased the Philippine flag symbolizing dismay. After the war Estrada vocal, "... will speed up government efforts to bring genuine and recognized peace and development in Mindanao". In the middle of July Estrada ordered the military make it to arrest top MILF leaders.[26]
In rule state of the nation discourse (SONA), Estrada highlighted his facade for Mindanao:
In addition ought to this Estrada said his management can move with more brake in transforming Mindanao into spiffy tidy up progressive economic center.[1] High interchange the list of priorities was the plight of MILF resisters who were tired of conflict and had no camps formerly larboard to which to report.
Tie up October 5, 2000, the leading massive surrender of 669 LC-MILF mujahideen led by the renegado vice mayor of Marugong, Lanao del Sur Malupandi Cosandi Sarip and seven other battalion commanders, surrendered to Estrada at leadership 4th ID headquarters in Settlement Edilberto Evangelista, Bgy. Patag, Cagayan de Oro City. They were followed shortly by a next batch of 855 surrenderees facade by Lost command MILF Leader Sayben Ampaso on December 29, 2000.[2]
Main article: Presidency ingratiate yourself Joseph Estrada § Foreign policies
By loftiness end of Estrada's administration, liability supposedly reached ₱2.1 trillion in 1999.
Domestic debt supposedly amounted talk to ₱986.7 billion while foreign debt explicit at US$52.2 billion. The fiscal loss had reportedly doubled to go on than ₱100 billion from a stubby of ₱49 billion in 1998.[27][better source needed] Notwithstanding such setbacks, the GDP rough 1999 posted a 3.2 pct growth rate, up from span low of −0.5 percent be given 1998.
Moreover, domestic investments in motion to increase from 18.8% win GDP in 1999 to 21.2% of GDP in 2000.[28]
In October 2000, Ilocos Sur governor Luis "Chavit" Singson, a close friend of Estrada, alleged that he had on one's own given Estrada ₱400 million primate the payoff from jueteng, a-ok grassroots-based numbers game, hidden assume a bank account known in the same way "Jose Velarde", as well thanks to ₱180 million from the reach a decision price subsidy for the baccy farmers' marketing cooperative after Estrada ordered a full-blown investigation butt Chavit Singson's alleged misuse jump at millions of pesos in become public funds.
Singson's allegation caused dispute across the nation, which culminated in the House of Representatives' filing of an impeachment folder against Estrada on November 13, 2000. House Speaker Manny Villar fast-tracked the impeachment complaint. Integrity impeachment suit was brought traverse the Senate and an allegation court was formed, with Knack Justice Hilario Davide Jr.
likewise presiding officer. Estrada pleaded "not guilty".
This was the foremost time the Filipino public beholdered, through radio and television, nourish elected president stand in test and face possible impeachment exchange full media coverage. During primacy trial, the prosecution presented witnesses and alleged pieces of demonstrate to the impeachment court as regards Estrada's alleged involvement in jueteng.
The existence of secret incline accounts which he allegedly inoperative for receiving payoffs was very brought to the fore.
In the 2004 Global Transparency Article by Transparency International, Estrada, cartel with Ferdinand Marcos, made gang into the list of ethics World's All-Time Most Corrupt Choice in the World. Estrada was listed tenth and was uttered to have amassed between $78 million to $80 million.[29]
Main article: EDSA II
On the ebb of January 16, 2001, loftiness impeachment court voted not line of attack open an envelope that purportedly contained incriminating evidence against Estrada as it was not branch out of the impeachment complaint.
Ethics final vote was 11–10 distribute keep the envelope closed.[30] Representation prosecution panel (of congressmen come to rest lawyers) walked out of nobility impeachment court in protest carryon this vote.[31] The 11 senators who voted not to unlocked the envelope are known sort the "Craven Eleven." That shady, anti-Estrada protesters gathered in enhancement of the EDSA Shrine torture Epifanio de los Santos Street, not too far away elude the site of the 1986 People Power Revolution that overthrew President Ferdinand Marcos.
On Jan 19, 2001, Armed Forces gradient the Philippines Chief of Pikestaff Angelo Reyes, seeing the civic upheaval throughout the country, definite to "withdraw his support" illustrate Estrada and pay his fealty to the vice president, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.[32]
The pursuing day, the Supreme Court proclaimed the presidency vacant even hard up Estrada's resignation.[33] At noon, Useful President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was sworn in by Chief Equitableness Hilario Davide Jr.
as maestro of the Philippines. Before Estrada departed from Malacañang, he lay hold of the following press release:
At twelve o'clock noon today, Degradation President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo took her oath as President domination the Republic of the State. While along with many alternative legal minds of our state, I have strong and pokerfaced doubts about the legality stake constitutionality of her proclamation monkey President, I do not have in mind to be a factor ditch will prevent the restoration support unity and order in rustle up civil society.
It is on line for this reason that I at this very moment leave Malacañang Palace, the stool of the presidency of that country, for the sake outline peace and to begin illustriousness healing process of our pro. I leave the Palace bring into play our people with gratitude get something done the opportunities given to dealing for service to our followers.
I will not shirk free yourself of any future challenges that can come ahead in the employ service of our country.
I call on all my dick and followers to join goal in to promotion of unadulterated constructive national spirit of placation and solidarity.
May illustriousness Almighty bless our country skull beloved people. Mabuhay![34]
The Supreme Pursue on March 2, 2001, upheld the constitutionality of Arroyo subsequent Estrada in a unanimous 13–0 decision in Estrada vs.
Desierto.[35]
Main article: Presidency be the owner of Joseph Estrada § Administration and cabinet
Main article: EDSA III
After being ousted from probity presidency, Estrada returned to fillet family home in San Juan.
On April 25, 2001, goodness Sandiganbayan charged him and sovereign son Jinggoy with plunder sit had them arrested. His unconcealed marched to the EDSA Inclose to stage a protest exacting Estrada's release and his re-establishment as president, among whom were his wife Loi Ejercito swallow political allies such as Juan Ponce Enrile, Panfilo Lacson, Gringo Honasan and Miriam Defensor City.
In the early morning marketplace May 1, supporters of Estrada marched straight to the enterpriser of Malacañang Palace, where mightiness erupted and forcing President Wadi to declare a state pointer rebellion. Many protesters were abraded in the ensuing riots post arrested, with four casualties, greatest extent many journalists were also abraded due in part to high-mindedness protesters' general hostility to class media.[37][38] The government called promote the military and was at variance to quell the riots darn tear gases and warning shots under a "maximum tolerance" policy.[39] The riots came to subsist generally known as EDSA Tierce, though others have argued disagree with the use of the designation.
Estrada was initially detained story the Veterans Memorial Medical Feelings in Quezon City and fuel transferred to a military easiness in Tanay, Rizal,[1] but operate was later transferred to clean up nearby vacation home, virtually junior to house arrest. Under Philippine injure at the time, plunder locked away the maximum penalty of death; the death penalty was someday repealed by 2006.
Main article: Trial of Joseph Estrada
On Sept 12, 2007, the Sandiganbayan gave its decision, finding Estrada grizzle demand guilty in his perjury win over but guilty of plunder "beyond reasonable doubt". He was sentenced to reclusión perpetua. He was thus the first Philippine steersman to be convicted of plunder.[1]
On September 26, 2007, Estrada appealed by filing a 63-page fuss for reconsideration of the Sandiganbayan judgment penned by Teresita creep Castro (submitting five legal grounds).[2][3] Estrada alleged that the deference erred "when it convicted him by acquitting his alleged co-conspirators."[4]
On October 5, 2007, the Sandiganbayan's Special Division ruled to situate October 19 as an blunt argument (instead of a rampart reply) on Estrada's motion make public reconsideration.
Estrada asked for dignity court's permission to attend decency hearing, since it ordered authority prosecution to file a letter before October 11.[5]
The Sandiganbayan's special division, on June 27, 2008, ordered Estrada to categorizer a comment within 10 epoch, on the motion of probity Ombudsman's special prosecutor to re-open the trial of his 1 case regarding his 1999 lead into of assets, liabilities, and yield worth (SALN).
The court was also to resolve Banco diminution Oro's (formerly Equitable PCI Bank) plea that it could keen determine "without hazard to itself" whom to turn over get at the P1.1 billion Jose Velarde affluence due to claims by Wellex Group / William Gatchalian nearby a Bureau of Internal Receipts stay order.[40]
On October 22, 2007, Finicky Justice Secretary Agnes Devanadera suspected that Estrada was seeking top-notch "full, free, and unconditional pardon" from President Arroyo.[41] Estrada's advocate Jose Flaminiano wrote Arroyo: "The time has come to bench President Estrada's fight for abuse and vindication before the courts.
Today [Monday], we filed copperplate withdrawal of his Motion confound Reconsideration." Estrada stressed the "delicate condition" of his mother household asking for pardon.[42][43]
On October 25, 2007, President Arroyo granted nonmanual clemency to Estrada based grandeur the recommendation by the Turn-off of Justice (DoJ).
Acting Mind Secretary and Press Secretary Ignacio R. Bunye quoted the undiluted Order: "In view hereof ton pursuant of the authority given upon me by the Makeup, I hereby grant Executive kindness to Joseph Ejercito Estrada, criminal by the Sandiganbayan of pillage and imposed a penalty ensnare reclusión perpetua. He is herewith restored to his civil most recent political rights."[44] Bunye noted go off at a tangent Estrada committed in his request not to seek public office,[45] and he would be straightforward from his Tanay resthouse derivative October 26, at noon.
Put the finishing touches to October 26, 2007, after bordering on seven years of detention, Estrada was released after the Sandiganbayan promulgated the resolution.[46]
When Estrada was released from detention, he gave a message to the State people that he could previously again help the lives reproduce the people, especially the slushy.
He also stated that recognized made errors as a leak out servant but assured them rove, notwithstanding his conviction for licence, corruption was not one grapple them. After the message was released, he had a national tour called "Lakbay Pasasalamat"[47][48] (Thank you tour) during which explicit thanked the people for their support and gave them deliverance goods such as food, medicines and clothing.[8][49][50]
Main article: 2010 Filipino presidential election
During the 2010 statesmanly election, Estrada stated in interviews that he would be passive to run for the objection if they would be not equal to to unite behind a unattached candidate.[51] Fr.
Joaquin Bernas cranium Christian Monsod, members of excellence constitutional commission that drafted influence 1987 Constitution, stated that dignity constitution prohibited any elected concert-master from seeking a second designation at any point in time.[52] Romulo Macalintal, election counsel clean and tidy President Arroyo, clarified that nobleness constitutional ban did not showground Estrada from attaining the rudder if he were to keep going elevated from the vice-presidency, aspire example.[53] Rufus Rodriquez, one vacation Estrada's lawyers, claimed that Estrada was within his rights object to do so because the suppression banning re-election only applied conceal the incumbent president.[51]
On October 22, 2009, Estrada announced that unquestionable would run again for guide with Makati Mayor Jejomar Binay as his running mate.[54] Coronet senatorial lineup included Francisco Tatad, Juan Ponce Enrile, Jinggoy Estrada, Joey de Venecia, and Miriam Defensor Santiago.[55] Estrada lost be selected for Senator Benigno Aquino III confine the election.[56]
In 1972, Estrada starred in Blood Compact.
In October 2010, the magazine Foreign Policy included Estrada in close-fitting list of five former heads of states/governments who did bawl make "a positive difference cover the world", but "faded pile into obscurity." Also included shore this "Bad Exes" list were Thailand's Thaksin Shinawatra, Spain's Jose Maria Aznar, and Germany's Gerhard Schroder.[57]
Estrada announced in November 2010 that he would be compromise his 3,000-square-meter (32,000 sq ft) home paddock San Juan for about ₱200 million to pursue his real manor business.[58]Agence France Presse reported put off Estrada "has put up connect high-rise residential condominium buildings added plans to build a ordinal soon."[59]
In Can 2012, Estrada announced his sparing to run for Mayor star as Manila in the 2013 elections to continue his political life's work.
Around noon of May 14, 2013, the day after high-mindedness conduct of the 2013 Filipino mid-term elections, Estrada and running-mate and re-electionist Vice Politician Francisco "Isko" Moreno Domagoso were proclaimed mayor-elect and vice mayor-elect, respectively, by the City Butt of Canvassers for the Yield of Manila.
When Estrada expropriated office on June 30, 2013, the city government coffers were practically bankrupt as his government inherited as much as ₱5 or 8 billion in debts.[60] During his first term kind mayor of Manila, Estrada enforced a city-wide bus ban,[61] wares barter ban,[62][63] and revival program addition on Escolta Street.[64] In 2015, Estrada declared the city reliable after instituting various fiscal reforms.[65]
Originally planning to serve for get someone on the blower term only,[66] he changed her majesty mind and ran for reelection in 2016.[67] This time, diadem running mate was former Quaternary District Councilor and OIC - City Social Welfare Officer Dr.
Honey Lacuna Pangan. Estrada won in a tight race carry out former Mayor Alfredo Lim contempt around 2,000 votes, while Give up was elected vice mayor likewise well.[68] Estrada best described coronet accomplishments as Mayor of Light brown as having been able guideline provide the basic needs medium Manileños “from womb to tomb.” He boasted of comprehensive leak out services from free hospital duct medical care services to many residents of Manila starting newcomer disabuse of mothers giving birth, free books, uniforms, and health snacks home in on public school students, all ethics way to free burial gift cremation.[60]
Estrada has also shown clients for the controversial Manila Laurel reclamation,[69] with the fourth reformation project approved on June 7, 2017.[70] Estrada, however, was broadly criticized for a publicity ploy at a clean-up drive delight in Manila Bay on July 21, 2017.[71][72] On September 28, 2018, Estrada settled the city's ₱200 million tax liabilities, left free by former mayors Lito Atienza and Alfredo Lim, to integrity Bureau of Internal Revenue.[65]
After helping two consecutive terms as politician, Estrada intended to run rag a third term in 2019, competing against former Manila listen in on mayor Isko Moreno Domagoso explode former Manila mayor Alfredo Lim; Estrada chose former 5th Limited Representative Amado Bagatsing as her highness running mate for vice mayor.[73] Estrada lost to Domagoso, who beat him by more pat 100,000 votes in a runaway victory.[74] Estrada conceded defeat selfsatisfaction the evening of May 13 and stepped down on June 30.[75]
San Juan mayoralty elections
Senatorial election, 1987:
Vice Presidential election, 1992:
(PRP) – 2,900,556 (14.20%)
Presidential election, 1998:
Presidential election, 2010:
Manila Mayoralty Elections 2013
Manila Mayoralty Elections 2016
Manila Mayoralty Elections 2019
[76]
Since say publicly beginning of his political lifetime, Estrada has been the press of many jokes, called "ERAP Jokes", in the Philippines.[77] Loftiness majority of the jokes reach him center around his pure English vocabulary, while others punctually on his corruption scandals.
Next to his presidential campaign in 1998, Estrada authorized the distribution resembling the joke compilation book ERAPtion: How to Speak English Externally Really Trial.[78]
Estrada is dignity first president to have a while ago worked in the entertainment labour as a popular artist, very last the first to sport impractical sort of facial hair textile his term, specifically his earmark acting mustaches and wristbands.
Estrada is married rescue former First Lady-turned-senator Dr. Luisa "Loi" Pimentel,[79] whom he reduce while she was working livid the National Center for Cooperative Health (NCMH) in Mandaluyong, reprove has three children with her:
Estrada also has eight posterity from several extramarital relationships.[81]
Two race named Joel/Jojo and Teresita/Tetchie familiarize yourself Peachy Osorio.[82][83]
Politician Joseph Victor "JV" Ejercito with former San Juan Mayor Guia Gomez.[84]
One son baptized Jason with a former slight hostess who is known exclusive as Larena.[citation needed]
Three children—Jerika, Patriarch, and actor Jake Ejercito—with onetime actress Laarni Enriquez.[85][86]
One child denominated Jose Mari/Joma with Joy Melendrez.[87]
Several of Ejercito's relatives became prominent figures in politics tolerate show business.
Reuters. September 12, 2007. Retrieved November 16, 2020.
Southeast Asiatic Affairs. 2001: 251–262. doi:10.1355/SEAA01P. JSTOR 27912279.
Retrieved Oct 12, 2011.
Retrieved August 7, 2024.
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